Warning Signs and Risk Factors Around Suicide

Suicide prevention remains a significant public health priority, with early detection of warning symptoms and risk factors crucial to saving lives. Understanding these indications can help people, families, and communities detect when someone is at risk and intervene successfully. The warning signs and risk factors related to suicide offer valuable insights for anyone seeking ways to support vulnerable people and raise mental health awareness.

Dr Chandni Tugnait, MD (A.M) Psychotherapist, Life Alchemist, Coach & Healer, Founder & Director, Gateway of Healing shares some of the key warning signs:

1. Increased isolation and withdrawal from social activities.
2. Sudden mood swings or uncharacteristic aggression.
3. Engaging in reckless or self-destructive behaviours.
4. Giving away prized possessions.
5. Expressing feelings of hopelessness or having no reason to live.
6. Talking about feeling trapped or being in unbearable pain.
7. Discussing being a burden to others.
8. Speaking about revenge or seeking retribution.
9. Changes in sleep patterns, either excessive sleep or insomnia.
10. Significant weight loss or gain.
11. Decline in personal hygiene and self-care.
12. Persistent feelings of emptiness or emotional numbness.
13. Overwhelming shame, guilt, or self-loathing.
14. Dramatic mood changes, including sudden calmness after a period of distress.

Dr Tugnait shares some risk factors to be mindful of:

1. Mental health conditionsDepression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, borderline personality disorder, and anxiety disorders can increase suicide risk. Proper diagnosis and treatment of these conditions are crucial in suicide prevention.
2. Previous suicide attemptsA history of suicide attempts significantly elevates the risk of future suicidal behaviour, emphasising the need for continued support and monitoring.
3. Substance abuseAlcohol and drug abuse can impair judgment and increase impulsivity, potentially leading to suicidal behaviours.
4. Chronic illness or painIndividuals suffering from chronic physical conditions or persistent pain may be at higher risk due to diminished quality of life and feelings of hopelessness.
5. Family historyA family history of suicide or mental health disorders can increase an individual’s vulnerability to suicidal thoughts and behaviours.
6. Traumatic experiencesRecent or childhood trauma, including abuse, loss, or exposure to violence, can contribute to suicidal ideation.
7. Social isolationLack of social support and feelings of loneliness can exacerbate suicidal thoughts and behaviours.
8. Access to lethal meansEasy access to firearms, medications, or other potentially lethal items can increase the risk of suicide attempts.
9. Major life changesSignificant transitions such as job loss, divorce, or relocation can trigger suicidal thoughts in vulnerable individuals.
10. Socioeconomic factorsPoverty, unemployment, and financial stress can contribute to feelings of hopelessness and increase suicide risk.

Recognising the warning signals and risk factors for suicide is an essential step in prevention efforts. Understanding these indications allows people to better recognise people who are at risk and take necessary action, such as referring them to professional support or crisis intervention services. It’s crucial to realise that the presence of warning signals or risk factors does not guarantee that a person will try suicide, but it does indicate a need for help and intervention.

Communities may collaborate to lower suicide rates and save lives by encouraging open communication, raising mental health awareness, and offering accessible support networks.